Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

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Time of issue:2020-03-17 15:06
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(Summary description)First,programmingskills Therequirementsfortheprecisionoftheprocessedproductsarehigh.Theissuestobeconsideredwhenprogrammingare: 1.Processingsequenceofparts: Drillfirstandflatend(thisistopreventshrinkagewhendrilling); Roughturningfirst,thenfinishingturning(thisistoensuretheaccuracyoftheparts); Thefirstmachiningtoleranceislargeandthelastmachiningtoleranceissmall(thisistoensurethatthesurfaceofthesmalltolerancesizeisnotscratchedandtopreventdeformationofthepart). 2.Selectareasonablespeed,feedrateandcuttingdepthaccordingtothehardnessofthematerial: 1)Thecarbonsteelmaterialisselectedforhighspeed,highfeedandlargecuttingdepth.Forexample:1Gr11,selectS1600,F0.2,andcutdepth2mm; 2)Selectlowspeed,lowfeedandsmallcuttingdepthforhardalloy.Forexample:GH4033,selectS800,F0.08,cutdepth0.5mm; 3)Titaniumalloyisselectedforlowspeed,highfeedandsmalldepthofcut.Forexample:Ti6,selectS400,F0.2,andcutdepth0.3mm.Taketheprocessingofapartasanexample:thematerialisK414,thismaterialisaveryhardmaterial.Afterseveraltests,thefinalselectionisS360,F0.1,andthecuttingdepthof0.2beforeprocessingqualifiedparts. Second,theknifeskills Toolsettingisdividedintotoolsettinganddirectsetting.Mostlathesinourfactorydonothaveatoolsettinginstrument.Fordirecttoolsetting,thefollowingtoolsettingtechniquesaredirecttoolsetting. Firstselectthecenteroftherightendfaceofthepartasthetoolsettingpointandsetittozero.Afterthemachinetoolreturnstotheoriginalpoint,eachtoolthatneedstobeusediscenteredontherightendfaceofthepartasthezeropoint;whenthetooltouchestherightendface,enterZ0andclicktomeasure.Themeasuredvalueisautomaticallyrecordedinthetoolcompensationvalueofthetool,whichindicatesthattheZ-axistoolissetcorrectly.TheX-toolisusedfortrialcuttingandtheoutercircleofthepartisreducedwiththetool.Forexample,xis20mm)Enterx20andclicktomeasure.Thetoolcompensationvaluewillautomaticallyrecordthemeasuredvalue.Atthistime,thex-axisisalsocorrect.Thismethodoftoolsettingwillnotchangethesettingevenafterthemachineispoweredoffevenifthemachineispoweredoff.Toolvalue,whichcanbeusedtoproducethesamepartinlargequantitiesforalongtime,anditisnotnecessarytore-calibratethetoolwhenthelatheisturnedoff. Third,debuggingskills Afterprogrammingtheparts,trialcuttinganddebuggingarerequiredafteragoodknifeiscut.Inordertopreventprogramerrorsandtoolsettingerrors,whichcancausecollisionaccidents,weshouldfirstperformanemptystrokesimulationandadjustthecoordinatesinthemachinetoolcoordinatesystem.Thetoolmovestotherightasawholeby2to3timesthetotallengthofthepart.Then,thesimulationprocessisstarted.Afterthesimulationprocessiscompleted,theprogramandtoolsettingarecorrect,andthenthepartisprocessed.Afterthefirstpartisprocessed,itisself-inspectedtoconfirmthatitisqualified.Then,findafull-timeinspectionandinspection.Afterthefull-timeinspectionconfirmsthatitisqualified,itmeansthatthecommissioningisover. Fourth,completetheprocessingofparts Afterthefirstpartofthefirsttrialcutiscompleted,batchproductionisrequired,butthequalificationofthefirstpartdoesnotmeanthattheentirebatchofpartswillbequalified,becauseduringtheprocessing,thetoolwillbewornduetothedifferenceintheprocessingmaterial,andtheprocessingmaterialSoft,thetoolwearissmall,theprocessingmaterialishard,andthetoolwearsfast.Therefore,duringtheprocessing,youmustperformfrequentinspectionsandincreaseanddecreasethetoolcompensationvalueintimetoensurethequalifiedparts. Takeapartasanexample,theprocessingmaterialisK414,andthetotallengthofprocessingis180mm.Becausethematerialisextremelyhard,thetoolwearsveryquicklyduringprocessing.Fromthestarttotheend,thetoolwearwillcauseaslight10-20mm,sowemustIntheprogram,aslightdegreeof10-20mmisaddedartificially,sothatthequalityofthepartscanbeguaranteed. Inshort,thebasicprinciplesofmachining:roughmachiningfirst,removeexcessmaterialfromtheworkpiece,andthenfinishmachining;avoidtheoccurrenceofvibrationduringprocessing;avoidthermaldegenerationduringworkpieceprocessing,therearemanyreasonsforvibration,anditmaybeoverloadedLarge;itmaybetheresonancebetweenthemachinetoolandtheworkpiece,oritmaybethelackofrigidityofthemachinetool,oritmaybecausedbythepassivationofthetool.Wecanreducethevibrationbythefollowingmethods;reducethelateralfeedandmachiningdepth,checkIftheworkpieceisclampedsecurely,increasethespeedofthetool.Thelattercanreducetheresonance.Inaddition,checkwhetheritisnecessarytoreplacethetoolwithanewone. Five,theexperienceofpreventingmachinetoolcollisions Collisionofamachinetoolgreatlydamagestheaccuracyofthemachinetool,anditalsoaffectsdifferenttypesofmachinetools.Generallyspeaking,ithasagreaterimpactonamachinetoolwithlessrigidity.Therefore,forhigh-precisionCNClathes,collisionsmustbeavoided.Aslongastheoperatoriscarefulandmasterscertainanti-collisionmethods,collisionscanbecompletelypreventedandavoided. Themainreasonsforthecollisionare:first,thewronginputofthetooldiameterandlength;second,thewronginputoftheworkpiecesizeandotherrelatedgeometricdimensions,andthewronginitialpositioningoftheworkpiece;third,thewrongsettingoftheworkpiececoordinatesystemofthemachinetoolOr,thezeropointofthe

Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

数控车床加工的一些操作技巧与心得

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Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

(Summary description)First,programmingskills Therequirementsfortheprecisionoftheprocessedproductsarehigh.Theissuestobeconsideredwhenprogrammingare: 1.Processingsequenceofparts: Drillfirstandflatend(thisistopreventshrinkagewhendrilling); Roughturningfirst,thenfinishingturning(thisistoensuretheaccuracyoftheparts); Thefirstmachiningtoleranceislargeandthelastmachiningtoleranceissmall(thisistoensurethatthesurfaceofthesmalltolerancesizeisnotscratchedandtopreventdeformationofthepart). 2.Selectareasonablespeed,feedrateandcuttingdepthaccordingtothehardnessofthematerial: 1)Thecarbonsteelmaterialisselectedforhighspeed,highfeedandlargecuttingdepth.Forexample:1Gr11,selectS1600,F0.2,andcutdepth2mm; 2)Selectlowspeed,lowfeedandsmallcuttingdepthforhardalloy.Forexample:GH4033,selectS800,F0.08,cutdepth0.5mm; 3)Titaniumalloyisselectedforlowspeed,highfeedandsmalldepthofcut.Forexample:Ti6,selectS400,F0.2,andcutdepth0.3mm.Taketheprocessingofapartasanexample:thematerialisK414,thismaterialisaveryhardmaterial.Afterseveraltests,thefinalselectionisS360,F0.1,andthecuttingdepthof0.2beforeprocessingqualifiedparts. Second,theknifeskills Toolsettingisdividedintotoolsettinganddirectsetting.Mostlathesinourfactorydonothaveatoolsettinginstrument.Fordirecttoolsetting,thefollowingtoolsettingtechniquesaredirecttoolsetting. Firstselectthecenteroftherightendfaceofthepartasthetoolsettingpointandsetittozero.Afterthemachinetoolreturnstotheoriginalpoint,eachtoolthatneedstobeusediscenteredontherightendfaceofthepartasthezeropoint;whenthetooltouchestherightendface,enterZ0andclicktomeasure.Themeasuredvalueisautomaticallyrecordedinthetoolcompensationvalueofthetool,whichindicatesthattheZ-axistoolissetcorrectly.TheX-toolisusedfortrialcuttingandtheoutercircleofthepartisreducedwiththetool.Forexample,xis20mm)Enterx20andclicktomeasure.Thetoolcompensationvaluewillautomaticallyrecordthemeasuredvalue.Atthistime,thex-axisisalsocorrect.Thismethodoftoolsettingwillnotchangethesettingevenafterthemachineispoweredoffevenifthemachineispoweredoff.Toolvalue,whichcanbeusedtoproducethesamepartinlargequantitiesforalongtime,anditisnotnecessarytore-calibratethetoolwhenthelatheisturnedoff. Third,debuggingskills Afterprogrammingtheparts,trialcuttinganddebuggingarerequiredafteragoodknifeiscut.Inordertopreventprogramerrorsandtoolsettingerrors,whichcancausecollisionaccidents,weshouldfirstperformanemptystrokesimulationandadjustthecoordinatesinthemachinetoolcoordinatesystem.Thetoolmovestotherightasawholeby2to3timesthetotallengthofthepart.Then,thesimulationprocessisstarted.Afterthesimulationprocessiscompleted,theprogramandtoolsettingarecorrect,andthenthepartisprocessed.Afterthefirstpartisprocessed,itisself-inspectedtoconfirmthatitisqualified.Then,findafull-timeinspectionandinspection.Afterthefull-timeinspectionconfirmsthatitisqualified,itmeansthatthecommissioningisover. Fourth,completetheprocessingofparts Afterthefirstpartofthefirsttrialcutiscompleted,batchproductionisrequired,butthequalificationofthefirstpartdoesnotmeanthattheentirebatchofpartswillbequalified,becauseduringtheprocessing,thetoolwillbewornduetothedifferenceintheprocessingmaterial,andtheprocessingmaterialSoft,thetoolwearissmall,theprocessingmaterialishard,andthetoolwearsfast.Therefore,duringtheprocessing,youmustperformfrequentinspectionsandincreaseanddecreasethetoolcompensationvalueintimetoensurethequalifiedparts. Takeapartasanexample,theprocessingmaterialisK414,andthetotallengthofprocessingis180mm.Becausethematerialisextremelyhard,thetoolwearsveryquicklyduringprocessing.Fromthestarttotheend,thetoolwearwillcauseaslight10-20mm,sowemustIntheprogram,aslightdegreeof10-20mmisaddedartificially,sothatthequalityofthepartscanbeguaranteed. Inshort,thebasicprinciplesofmachining:roughmachiningfirst,removeexcessmaterialfromtheworkpiece,andthenfinishmachining;avoidtheoccurrenceofvibrationduringprocessing;avoidthermaldegenerationduringworkpieceprocessing,therearemanyreasonsforvibration,anditmaybeoverloadedLarge;itmaybetheresonancebetweenthemachinetoolandtheworkpiece,oritmaybethelackofrigidityofthemachinetool,oritmaybecausedbythepassivationofthetool.Wecanreducethevibrationbythefollowingmethods;reducethelateralfeedandmachiningdepth,checkIftheworkpieceisclampedsecurely,increasethespeedofthetool.Thelattercanreducetheresonance.Inaddition,checkwhetheritisnecessarytoreplacethetoolwithanewone. Five,theexperienceofpreventingmachinetoolcollisions Collisionofamachinetoolgreatlydamagestheaccuracyofthemachinetool,anditalsoaffectsdifferenttypesofmachinetools.Generallyspeaking,ithasagreaterimpactonamachinetoolwithlessrigidity.Therefore,forhigh-precisionCNClathes,collisionsmustbeavoided.Aslongastheoperatoriscarefulandmasterscertainanti-collisionmethods,collisionscanbecompletelypreventedandavoided. Themainreasonsforthecollisionare:first,thewronginputofthetooldiameterandlength;second,thewronginputoftheworkpiecesizeandotherrelatedgeometricdimensions,andthewronginitialpositioningoftheworkpiece;third,thewrongsettingoftheworkpiececoordinatesystemofthemachinetoolOr,thezeropointofthe

Categories:company news
Author:
Origin:
Time of issue:2020-03-17 15:06
Views:

First, programming skills

The requirements for the precision of the processed products are high. The issues to be considered when programming are:

1. Processing sequence of parts:

Drill first and flat end (this is to prevent shrinkage when drilling);

Rough turning first, then finishing turning (this is to ensure the accuracy of the parts);

The first machining tolerance is large and the last machining tolerance is small (this is to ensure that the surface of the small tolerance size is not scratched and to prevent deformation of the part).

2. Select a reasonable speed, feed rate and cutting depth according to the hardness of the material:

1) The carbon steel material is selected for high speed, high feed and large cutting depth. For example: 1Gr11, select S1600, F0.2, and cut depth 2mm;

2) Select low speed, low feed and small cutting depth for hard alloy. For example: GH4033, select S800, F0.08, cut depth 0.5mm;

3) Titanium alloy is selected for low speed, high feed and small depth of cut. For example: Ti6, select S400, F0.2, and cut depth 0.3mm. Take the processing of a part as an example: the material is K414, this material is a very hard material. After several tests, the final selection is S360, F0.1, and the cutting depth of 0.2 before processing qualified parts.

Second, the knife skills

Tool setting is divided into tool setting and direct setting. Most lathes in our factory do not have a tool setting instrument. For direct tool setting, the following tool setting techniques are direct tool setting.

First select the center of the right end face of the part as the tool setting point and set it to zero. After the machine tool returns to the original point, each tool that needs to be used is centered on the right end face of the part as the zero point; when the tool touches the right end face, enter Z0 and click to measure. The measured value is automatically recorded in the tool compensation value of the tool, which indicates that the Z-axis tool is set correctly. The X-tool is used for trial cutting and the outer circle of the part is reduced with the tool. For example, x is 20mm) Enter x20 and click to measure. The tool compensation value will automatically record the measured value. At this time, the x-axis is also correct. This method of tool setting will not change the setting even after the machine is powered off even if the machine is powered off. Tool value, which can be used to produce the same part in large quantities for a long time, and it is not necessary to re-calibrate the tool when the lathe is turned off.

Third, debugging skills

After programming the parts, trial cutting and debugging are required after a good knife is cut. In order to prevent program errors and tool setting errors, which can cause collision accidents, we should first perform an empty stroke simulation and adjust the coordinates in the machine tool coordinate system. The tool moves to the right as a whole by 2 to 3 times the total length of the part. Then, the simulation process is started. After the simulation process is completed, the program and tool setting are correct, and then the part is processed. After the first part is processed, it is self-inspected to confirm that it is qualified. Then, find a full-time inspection and inspection. After the full-time inspection confirms that it is qualified, it means that the commissioning is over.

Fourth, complete the processing of parts

After the first part of the first trial cut is completed, batch production is required, but the qualification of the first part does not mean that the entire batch of parts will be qualified, because during the processing, the tool will be worn due to the difference in the processing material, and the processing material Soft, the tool wear is small, the processing material is hard, and the tool wears fast. Therefore, during the processing, you must perform frequent inspections and increase and decrease the tool compensation value in time to ensure the qualified parts.

Take a part as an example, the processing material is K414, and the total length of processing is 180mm. Because the material is extremely hard, the tool wears very quickly during processing. From the start to the end, the tool wear will cause a slight 10-20mm, so we must In the program, a slight degree of 10-20mm is added artificially, so that the quality of the parts can be guaranteed.

In short, the basic principles of machining: rough machining first, remove excess material from the workpiece, and then finish machining; avoid the occurrence of vibration during processing; avoid thermal degeneration during workpiece processing, there are many reasons for vibration, and it may be overloaded Large; it may be the resonance between the machine tool and the workpiece, or it may be the lack of rigidity of the machine tool, or it may be caused by the passivation of the tool. We can reduce the vibration by the following methods; reduce the lateral feed and machining depth, check If the workpiece is clamped securely, increase the speed of the tool. The latter can reduce the resonance. In addition, check whether it is necessary to replace the tool with a new one.

Five, the experience of preventing machine tool collisions

Collision of a machine tool greatly damages the accuracy of the machine tool, and it also affects different types of machine tools. Generally speaking, it has a greater impact on a machine tool with less rigidity. Therefore, for high-precision CNC lathes, collisions must be avoided. As long as the operator is careful and masters certain anti-collision methods, collisions can be completely prevented and avoided.

The main reasons for the collision are: first, the wrong input of the tool diameter and length; second, the wrong input of the workpiece size and other related geometric dimensions, and the wrong initial positioning of the workpiece; third, the wrong setting of the workpiece coordinate system of the machine tool Or, the zero point of the machine tool is reset during the machining process and changes occur. Most of the machine tool collisions occur during the rapid movement of the machine tool. At this time, the danger of the collision is also the greatest and should be absolutely avoided. Therefore, the operator should pay special attention to the initial stage of the machine tool execution and the machine tool replacement. At this time, if the program is edited incorrectly, the diameter and length of the tool are incorrectly entered, then collision is easy to occur. At the end of the program, the sequence of the retracting motion of the CNC axis is wrong, and a collision may also occur.

In order to avoid the above-mentioned collisions, when operating the machine tool, the operator must give full play to the functions of the five senses, and observe whether the machine tool has abnormal movements, sparks, noises and abnormal sounds, vibrations, and burnt smell. When abnormal conditions are found, the program should be stopped immediately, and the machine can continue to work only after the standby bed problem is solved.

In short, mastering the operation skills of CNC machine tools is a gradual process and cannot be achieved overnight. It is based on mastering the basic operation of machine tools, basic machining knowledge and basic programming knowledge. CNC machine tool operation skills are not static, it is an organic combination that requires operators to give full play to their imagination and hands-on ability, and it is innovative labor.

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Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

Some operation skills and experience of CNC lathe processing

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